Food–Drug Interactions: Mechanisms, Clinical Significance, and the Role of Healthcare Professionals
Abstract
Food–drug interactions (FDIs) represent a critical yet often underrecognized factor influencing drug safety and therapeutic outcomes. Certain foods and beverages can alter drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion, leading to reduced efficacy or increased toxicity. This paper explores the mechanisms underlying food–drug interactions, highlights clinically significant examples, and discusses their impact on patient outcomes. Emphasis is placed on the role of healthcare professionals—particularly pharmacists and nurses—in identifying, preventing, and managing FDIs. Increased awareness and patient education are essential to minimize adverse events and optimize pharmacotherapy.
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